The Science of PRP

One of the most important developments in orthobiologic medicine is the understanding that different PRP formulations exist, and the cellular composition of PRP can significantly influence clinical outcomes.

Leukocyte-Rich PRP (LR-PRP)

Leukocyte-rich PRP contains higher concentrations of white blood cells in addition to platelets. While leukocytes may play a role in antimicrobial defense and tissue remodeling, they can also release pro-inflammatory cytokines and catabolic enzymes that may increase inflammation within a joint environment.

Leukocyte-Poor PRP (LP-PRP)

Leukocyte-poor PRP is processed to reduce the white blood cell component while maintaining a high platelet concentration. This formulation is particularly important for intra-articular injections used to treat osteoarthritis.

Research suggests that leukocytes can increase synovial inflammation and cartilage catabolism when injected into joints. By minimizing leukocytes, leukocyte-poor PRP focuses on delivering platelet-derived growth factors while reducing inflammatory mediators, creating a more favorable biologic environment for joint tissues.

For this reason, many orthobiologic specialists preferentially use leukocyte-poor PRP for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other intra-articular conditions.